Understanding the EAN-13 Barcode

Global Retail Standard

The EAN-13 (European Article Number) is the definitive standard for retail products sold worldwide. If you plan to sell goods anywhere outside of the United States and Canada, EAN-13 is the format you must use.

While it is heavily derived from the North American UPC-A system, the EAN-13 format provides an extra 13th digit. This critical addition allows for country-specific registration through international GS1 member organizations.

The 13-Digit Anatomy

Every EAN-13 string is strictly numeric and divided into four critical segments:

• GS1 Prefix (3 digits): Identifies the GS1 Member Organization (country code) where the manufacturer is registered. Note that this identifies the country of registration, not necessarily where the product was made.
• Company Number (3-7 digits): A unique identifier assigned to your business by GS1.
• Item Reference (2-6 digits): Assigned internally by your company to identify specific product variations.
• Check Digit (1 digit): A mandatory mathematical digit calculated using the Modulo 10 (3-1 weight) algorithm to verify scan accuracy.

Modulo 10 Calculation

To calculate the check digit manually, you sum the digits in even positions and multiply by 3, add the sum of digits in odd positions, and find the number needed to reach the next multiple of 10.

However, our barcode generator handles this complex math automatically to ensure your barcodes are 100% compliant with global standards.